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Banned & Censored Cinema


Carolee Schneemann & Kenneth Anger

Fuses
CS, USA, 1964-67, 22 min., 16mm, silent


Filmed and edited by Schneemann; with herself, James Tenney and Kitch.

A silent film of collaged and painted sequences of lovemaking between Schneemann and her then partner, composer James Tenney; observed by the cat, Kitch.

"...I wanted to see if the experience of what I saw would have any correspondence to what I felt-- the intimacy of the lovemaking... And I wanted to put into the materiality of film the energies of the body, so that the film itself dissolves and recombines and is transparent and dense-- as one feels during lovemaking... It is different from any pornographic work that you've ever seen-- that's why people are still looking at it! And there's no objectification or fetishization of the woman." –Carolee Schneemann





"Pornography is an anti-emotional medium, in content and intent, and its lack of emotion renders it wholly ineffective for women. This absence of sensuality is so contrary to female eroticism that pornography becomes, in fact, anti-sexual. Schneemann's film, by contrast, is devastatingly erotic, transcending the surfaces of sex to communicate its true spirit, its meaning as an activity for herself and, quite accurately, women in general. Significantly, Schneemann conceives the film as shot through the eyes of her cat -- the impassive observer whose view of human sexuality is free of voyeurism and ignorant of morality."-- B. Ruby Rich

 
Fuses provoked certain audiences to accuse Schneemann and her film of being complicit in the dominant power paradigm of phallocentrism. B. Ruby Rich noted early on a split in audience response to the film between nonartists and artists.
 
During the years that Schneemann made Fuses--both the actual filming and the direct manipulations of the film material itself--she would call her friends for impromptu screenings of the work-in-progress. While many were "thrilled," others were "flabbergasted" and felt the film to be "narcissistic exhibitionism."
 
While Fuses was censored in 1988 at the Moscow Film Festival as "pornography," 20 years earlier in Cannes it caused "a great commotion to erupt in front of the screen. French men were ripping up the seats with razor blades and screaming because it was not truly pornographic." (All quotes CS)




Fireworks
KA, USA, 1947, 15 min., 16mm

Credits: Conceived, Directed, Photographed and Edited by Kenneth Anger. Camera Assistant: Chester Kessler. Cast: Kenneth Anger (The Dreamer); Bill Seltzer (Bare-Chested Sailor); Gordon Gray (Body-Bearing Sailor); crowd of sailors. Filmed in Hollywood. Sound (Music by Respighi).

Synopsis: A dissatisfied dreamer awakes, goes out in the night seeking "a light" and is drawn through the needle's eye. A dream of a dream, he returns to a bed less empty than before.--Kenneth Anger




Anger at 17 stars in the pioneering homoerotic film he made over the first weekend his parents left him at home alone. Fireworks is the earliest Anger film in distribution. The filmmaker cites Jean Cocteau and Aleister Crowley as major influences.

 

The film's sailors are actually students from the University of Southern California's Cinema Department training to become film technicians for the Navy. Part of their agreeing to perform in the film was Anger's enticement that they would get to beat him up.
 
Anger didn't release Fireworks until 1949. Audiences were agasp at the explicit phallic references. His friend and fellow filmmaker Ed Earle claims that Anger scratched his genitals showing on the frames of the urinal sequence off by hand because he wanted to sell prints by mail. Anger purports that Fireworks influenced Jean Genet's Un Chant d'Amour (1950).


REQUIRED READINGS & WEBSITES
 
• B. Ruby Rich, "Carolee Schneemann's Fuses (and Prologue)", Chick Flicks: Theories and Memories of the Feminist Film Movement (Duke University Press, 1998), course reader
 
• Carolee Schneemann,"Istory of a Girl Pornographer", "On Censorship: Interview with Aviva Rahmani", and "Notes from the Underground: A Feminist Pornographer in Moscow", Carolee Schneemann: Imaging Her Erotics (The MIT Press, 2002), course reader
 
• Carolee Schneemann website, online http://www.caroleeschneemann.com/manager.html
 
• Anna Powell, "The Occult: A Torch for Lucifer", Moonchild: The Films of Kenneth Anger, Jack Hunter, ed. (Creation Books, 2002), course reader
 
• Bill Landis, "Ch. 3: Camera Obscura", Anger: The Unauthorized Biography of Kenneth Anger (HarperCollins Publishers, 1995), course reader
 
• "Letter to Amos Vogel from Kenneth Anger, 12/8/52" and "Letter to Kenneth Anger from Amos VOgel, 4/23/53", Cinema 16: Documents Toward a History of the Film Society, Scott MacDonald, ed. (Temple University Press, 2002), course reader
 
• Johnny Ray Huston, "Kenneth, angered: The genius displays some verbal fireworks", The San Francisco Bay Guardian (Nov 1, 2000), online http://www.sfbg.com/AandE/35/05/kenneth.html
 
• Pam Grady, "A Look Back with Anger: Filmmaking legend Kenneth Anger recalls his brilliant career", Reel. com, online http://www.reel.com/reel.asp?node=features/interviews/anger
 

SUGGESTED READINGS & WEBSITES
 
• Kate Haug, "An Interview with Carolee Schneemann", Femme Experimentale (Wide Angle 20.1, January 1998), online--note that you must have access to the MUSE database (automatic through UB server)
http://muse.jhu.edu/journals/wide_angle/v020/20.1schneemann.html
 
• Maximilian Le Cain, "Kenneth Anger, Kenneth Wilbur Anglemyer", Senses of Cinema (Jan. 2003), online http://www.sensesofcinema.com/contents/directors/03/anger.html
 
• "A conversation with Kenneth Anger", The Fenris Wolf (1991), online
http://www.ubertext.se/angerinteng.html
 
• Matthew Tinkcom, "Ch. 3: 'A Physical Relation between Physical Things': The World of the Commodity according to Kenneth Anger", Working Like a Homosexual: Camp, Capital, Cinema (Duke University Press, 2002)